Hemoglobin A1C
What is Hemoglobin A1C?
Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a biomarker that correlates to your average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin proteins in your blood that are coated with sugar. For this reason, HbA1c tests can also be referred to as glycosylated (sugar-coated) hemoglobin tests.
Why is it included in the Metabolic Axis?
Hemoglobin A1C is an important screen for diabetic risk, providing a long-term snapshot of blood glucose concentration in comparison to other tests. Levels that are consistently above 5.7% may warrant a visit to a physician.
How can I better understand my results?
Your A1C results can be interpreted using the following reference ranges, but it is important to consult with your physician if you are concerned with any of your biomarker levels.
- Optimal: 4-5%
- Normal: 4-5.6%
- Pre-diabetes: 5.7-6.4%
- Diabetes: > 6.5%
- Critical: > 9%
According to the CDC, several factors can provide a false report of your A1C results, including:
- Kidney failure, liver disease, anemia
- Less common hemoglobin types that people of African, Mediterranean, or Southeast Asian descent may have
- Certain medications
- Blood loss or blood transfusions
- Early or late pregnancy
If your A1C is elevated, you can try:
- Lose weight by leading a healthy lifestyle
- Increase fiber in your diet by choosing veggies, whole grains, and fruit
- Regular exercise - particularly, aerobic exercise and strength training
- Quit smoking
Where can I learn more?
Johns Hopkins Medicine - Managing Diabetes: Six Healthy Steps with the Most Benefit
The above is informational content only. None of it is intended as medical or diagnostic advice. Please consult your provider for information or concerns regarding your results